Can You Detect This Planet?¿Puedes detectar este planeta?

What students will be able to doLo que el estudiantado podrá hacer

• Predict whether an observing schedule can detect a given planet, and say which of cadence, baseline and precision decides itPredecir si un calendario de observación puede detectar un planeta dado, y decir cuál de los tres factores (cadencia, intervalo total y precisión) lo decide
• Explain why more measurements over a longer baseline can be worse than fewer over a shorter oneExplicar por qué más medidas a lo largo de un intervalo más largo pueden ser peores que menos medidas en uno más corto
• State what excess scatter in a radial-velocity dataset does and does not establishEnunciar qué establece, y qué no, un exceso de dispersión en un conjunto de datos de velocidad radial
• Say what a flat radial-velocity dataset rules out, and what it leaves openDecir qué descarta un conjunto de datos de velocidad radial plano, y qué deja abierto
• Compute a transit depth from a planet and star radius, and compare it with a photometric noise budgetCompute a transit depth from a planet and star radius, and compare it with a photometric noise budget
• Distinguish white noise, which averages down with more observing, from correlated noise, which does notDistinguish white noise, which averages down with more observing, from correlated noise, which does not
• Explain why a long-period planet is hard to find even when its transit is deep and longExplain why a long-period planet is hard to find even when its transit is deep and long
• Say what makes a planet undetectable by a given instrument rather than merely difficultSay what makes a planet undetectable by a given instrument rather than merely difficult

Where it fitsDónde encaja

What it is aboutDe qué trata. Observational design and the limits of a measurementObservational design and the limits of a measurement

A short investigation, 15 to 20 minutes, meant to sit immediately after Finding Planets by Their Tug, which is where students learn to read a radial-velocity curve. It works as a standalone lab-period opener and as the bridge from "here is a signal, what does it mean" to "here is a telescope allocation, what will you get". It is also the only exoplanet investigation that is about the observer rather than the system, so it doubles as an introduction to experimental design in any course that needs one.A short investigation, 15 to 20 minutes, meant to sit immediately after Finding Planets by Their Tug, which is where students learn to read a radial-velocity curve. It works as a standalone lab-period opener and as the bridge from "here is a signal, what does it mean" to "here is a telescope allocation, what will you get". It is also the only exoplanet investigation that is about the observer rather than the system, so it doubles as an introduction to experimental design in any course that needs one.

In English only.Solo en inglés.

Before thisAntes de esto

Investigations to have done firstInvestigaciones previas

• Finding Planets by Their ShadowsEncontrar planetas por sus sombras
• Finding Planets by Their TugEncontrar planetas por su tirón

What students should already knowLo que el estudiantado debería saber ya

• That a planet makes its star move, and that radial velocity measures the part of that motion along the line of sightThat a planet makes its star move, and that radial velocity measures the part of that motion along the line of sight
• Reading a point with an error bar off a plotReading a point with an error bar off a plot
• Helpful but not required: Finding Planets by Their Tug, for the shape of a radial-velocity curve and the meaning of KHelpful but not required: Finding Planets by Their Tug, for the shape of a radial-velocity curve and the meaning of K
• No statistics beyond the idea that a measurement has an uncertainty. Chi-square is introduced in words at step 5 as "how surprising is this much scatter if nothing was changing"No statistics beyond the idea that a measurement has an uncertainty. Chi-square is introduced in words at step 5 as "how surprising is this much scatter if nothing was changing"

In English only.Solo en inglés.

The stepsLos pasos

In order, with what each asks of a student. Deeper steps are laid in only at the depth a student chooses.En orden, con lo que cada uno pide. Los pasos más profundos solo se añaden en la profundidad que elige el estudiante.

1. Twelve nightsDoce noches (ReadLeer)
2. What decides whether you find it?¿Qué decide si lo encuentras? (PredictPredecir)
3. Schedule A: twelve nights, one orbitCalendario A: doce noches, una órbita (ExploreExplorar)
4. Write down what Schedule A gotAnota lo que consiguió el calendario A (MeasureMedir)
5. What have you established?¿Qué has establecido? (QuestionPregunta)
6. Schedule B: twelve nights, thirty-nine daysCalendario B: doce noches, treinta y nueve días (PredictPredecir)
7. The same planet, invisibleEl mismo planeta, invisible (ExploreExplorar)
8. Write down what Schedule B gotAnota lo que consiguió el calendario B (MeasureMedir)
9. Why it failedPor qué falló (QuestionPregunta)
10. The third knobEl tercer mando (ExploreExplorar)
11. Ambiguous evidencePruebas ambiguas (QuestionPregunta)
12. Do it to the real starHazlo con la estrella de verdad (ExploreExplorar)
13. Take the data with youLlévate los datos (ReadLeer)
14. The limits of finding nothingLos límites de no encontrar nada (QuestionPregunta)
15. The other way to find oneLa otra forma de encontrarlos (ReadLeer)
16. How deep is an Earth?¿Cómo de profunda es una Tierra? (QuestionPregunta)
17. What a transit is competing withContra qué compite un tránsito (ExploreExplorar)
18. The same planet, from the groundEl mismo planeta, desde tierra (PredictPredecir)
19. How far can patience get you?¿Hasta dónde llega la paciencia? (ExploreExplorar)
20. Three kinds of noise, three different answersTres clases de ruido, tres respuestas distintas (ReadLeer)
21. What this model is pretendingQué está fingiendo este modelo (ReadLeer)
22. Two budgets, side by sideDos presupuestos, uno al lado del otro (MeasureMedir)
23. Where does patience stop paying?¿Dónde deja de pagar la paciencia? (QuestionPregunta)
24. The edge of what a survey can doEl límite de lo que puede hacer un sondeo (ExploreExplorar)
25. What would it take?¿Qué haría falta? (QuestionPregunta)
26. What you decided before you lookedLo que decidiste antes de mirar (ReadLeer)

Instruments students useInstrumentos que usa el estudiantado

survey-schedule, transit-noise

Data it usesDatos que usa

Common wrong turnsErrores frecuentes

What students most often get wrong here, from the instructor materials. What to say to them, and the answers, are in the materials behind the passphrase.Lo que el estudiantado suele hacer mal aquí, según los materiales docentes. Qué decirles, y las respuestas, están en los materiales protegidos con contraseña.

• More data is always better, so a longer run beats a shorter one.More data is always better, so a longer run beats a shorter one.
• The number of measurements is what determines whether you find a planet.The number of measurements is what determines whether you find a planet.
• If the signal is bigger than the error bars, that is a detection.If the signal is bigger than the error bars, that is a detection.
• A flat result means there is no planet.A flat result means there is no planet.
• The dashed curve is the data.The dashed curve is the data.
• Aliasing is a defect of the instrument or of the simulation.Aliasing is a defect of the instrument or of the simulation.

In English only.Solo en inglés.

What is marked, and what is notQué se califica y qué no

• Checked automaticallySe comprueban automáticamente: 6
• Needs your judgmentRequiere su criterio: 1
• Recorded, not markedSe registran, no se califican: 3

A choice or a number is checked against the answer; a written answer is shown to you with the points to look for, never graded by the page.Una opción o un número se compara con la respuesta; una respuesta escrita se le muestra con los puntos que conviene buscar, y la página nunca la califica.

AccessibilityAccesibilidad

The interface is operable from the keyboard, including the investigations, the measuring tools and the dialogs, which trap focus and return it. Measurements and state changes are announced through a live region, and the canvas carries a text description of what is on it that updates as the system evolves. Automated checks (axe-core) and a set of manual keyboard walkthroughs run in continuous integration on every change.La interfaz se opera desde el teclado, incluidas las investigaciones, las herramientas de medición y los diálogos, que atrapan el foco y lo devuelven. Las mediciones y los cambios de estado se anuncian por una región activa, y el lienzo lleva una descripción textual de lo que hay en él que se actualiza según evoluciona el sistema. Comprobaciones automáticas (axe-core) y un conjunto de recorridos manuales por teclado se ejecutan en integración continua en cada cambio.

Interface animation follows the operating system’s reduced-motion setting. Four themes are provided, including a light one built for projectors and a high-contrast dark one. Nothing on this page moves until you ask it to.La animación de la interfaz respeta la preferencia de movimiento reducido del sistema operativo. Hay cuatro temas, incluido uno claro pensado para proyectores y uno oscuro de alto contraste. Nada de esta página se mueve hasta que usted lo pida.

The interface, the Library and every investigation are available in Spanish as well as English, including the step text students read and answer. The language is chosen in the interface and remembered; the Spanish investigation text is downloaded only if it is asked for.La interfaz, el navegador de investigaciones y todas las investigaciones están disponibles en español además de en inglés, incluido el texto de los pasos que el estudiantado lee y responde. El idioma se elige en la interfaz y se recuerda; el texto en español de las investigaciones se descarga solo si se pide.

The accessibility statement, with what was tested and how:La declaración de accesibilidad, con lo que se probó y cómo: ACCESSIBILITY.md

Hand it outCómo repartirla

Make an activity from itCrear una actividad a partir de ella Add it to a courseAñadirla a un curso

Choose steps, add a note and a roster name, and share one link; results come back as a token you can review.Elija pasos, añada una nota y un nombre de grupo, y comparta un enlace; los resultados vuelven como una ficha que puede revisar.

Short routeRuta corta 7 stepspasos, aboutunos 8 minutesminutos

A default short route the activity builder derives from the steps: a prediction, a measurement, a number, a choice and an explanation, with whatever they need. The time is an estimate from the step types, not a measured class time.Una ruta corta predeterminada que el constructor de actividades deriva de los pasos: una predicción, una medición, un número, una opción y una explicación, con lo que necesiten. El tiempo es una estimación según los tipos de paso, no un tiempo medido en clase.

Embed a figureInsertar una figura

An interactive figure of a world this investigation uses, for your own course page. Paste the markup; the figure remembers nothing and sends nothing.Una figura interactiva de un mundo que usa esta investigación, para la página de su curso. Pegue el código; la figura no recuerda ni envía nada.

<iframe src="https://gravitas-sim.online/?embed=1&ev=1&reset=scenario#1reyJ2IjoxLCJzIjoiZXhvcGxhbmV0LWNoYXJhY3Rlcml6YXRpb24tbGFiIiwic2VlZCI6IjE0ODBnazAifQ" title="Exoplanet Characterization Lab" loading="lazy" style="width:100%;aspect-ratio:16/10;border:0" allowfullscreen></iframe>

Instructor materialsMateriales docentes

The instructor notes with the answer key is behind the instructor passphrase. The topic, placement, prior knowledge and wrong turns above are the public part.Las notas docentes con las respuestas está protegida con la contraseña docente. El tema, la ubicación, los conocimientos previos y los errores frecuentes de arriba son la parte pública.

Where the key is: on this investigation’s card on the instructor resources page, under “Answer Key” and “Instructor Guide”. An activity cut from it asks the same questions, so the same key applies. The page explains how to ask for the passphrase.Dónde está la clave: en la tarjeta de esta investigación de la página de recursos para docentes, en «Answer Key» e «Instructor Guide». Una actividad recortada de ella hace las mismas preguntas, así que sirve la misma clave. La página explica cómo pedir la frase de acceso.

Open the instructor resourcesAbrir los recursos para docentes